The 2005 outbreak of West Nile virus (WNV) in California’s Central Valley was followed by declines in several species of birds, including the Loggerhead Shrike (Lanius ludovicianus), Western Scrub-Jay (Aphelocoma californica), Yellow-billed Magpie (Pica nuttalli), American Crow (Corvus brachyrhynchos), and Oak Titmouse (Baeolophus inornatus) (Airola et al. 2007, Koenig et al. 2007, Pandolfino 2007, Crosbie et al. 2008, Pandolfino 2008a, Wheeler et al. 2009, Smallwood and Nakamoto 2009). Prior to the 2005 outbreak, the Loggerhead Shrike was acknowledged to be in decline across most of its range (Yosef 1996, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 2002), and the Yellow-billed Magpie had declined locally in some areas in the Coast Range and southern California (Roberson 1985, Lehman 1995, Koenig and Reynolds 2009).