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Articles

Vol. 40 No. 1 (2009)

FIRST MODERN RECORD OF THE WHITE-TAILED EAGLE IN HAWAII

Submitted
November 27, 2025
Published
January 1, 2009

Abstract

The White-tailed Eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla) is distributed widely in northern Europe and Asia (Forsman 1999), where it breeds from western Greenland, Iceland, and Scandinavia to the Russian Far East and Attu in the Aleutian Islands (AOU 1998); the members of this genus are commonly called sea-eagles. During the 1950 and 1960s, the White-tailed Eagle declined dramatically in many regions of Europe because of environmental contaminants, habitat loss, persecution, and human disturbance, and the species was eventually listed as threatened by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN 2006). After intensive conservation actions and successful reintroductions in its historic range, the White-tailed Eagle was downlisted to a species of least concern (IUCN 2006). It is a year-round resident in most portions of its range, but seasonal movements are evident in fringe populations (Forsman 1999). Mullarnery et al. (1999) reported that most adults are resident except in far northern Eurasia, while juveniles are more migratory. Here I report the first White-tailed Eagle observed in the Hawaiian Islands, describe its prey selections, and briefly review the fossil record of the genus Haliaeetus in Hawaii.

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