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Articles

Vol. 21 No. 1 (1990)

NOTES: FIRST CONFIRMED NESTING OF THE BLACK-SHOULDERED KITE IN WASHINGTON

Submitted
September 13, 2025
Published
January 1, 1990

Abstract

The range of the Black-shouldered Kite (Elanus caeruleus) in the United States has been described as restricted to southern Texas, California (west of the desert and the Sierra Nevada), Florida, Louisiana, and Oklahoma (rare) (American Ornithologists’ Union 1957). The species has been expanding its range during the last 30 years, however (Eisenmann 1971, Larson 1980), and has now been reported in at least 22 states (American Ornithologists’ Union 1983, Clark and Wheeler 1987, Toups et al. 1985).

References